Displays

The most common panels are: TN, VA, IPS, OLED

Less common but noteworthy panels: MicroLED, MiniLED

Others: QLED, QD-LED, AMOLED…

Twisted Nematic panel is nowadays mostly obsolete. In the past was known for good refresh rate and response time, good price but worse viewing angles and colors. The only reason to buy a TN panel would be super tiny budget. The second hand market is a good source for very cheap TN panels that are still fully functional.

Vertical Alignment panels are a budget alternative in exchange for considerable compromises. They offer good contrast and black colors, but suffer from ghosting, bad viewing angles and lower response times. Their strong point is usually having competitive pricing, especially in monitors of a bigger size.

In-Plane Switching panel is the best middle ground when looking for a display panel, offering good colors, refresh rates, viewing angles, while still having reasonable price. Black color reproduction is worse than OLED, but offers better price and much better longevity, especially on laptops or desktop monitors. One of the most common gaming laptop display panel on the market right now.

Organic Light Emitting Diode is known to provide among the best, if not the best picture quality on the market, which comes at heavy price. Both literally in terms of cost to buy one, as well as the major drawback. Due to how OLED technology works, static and high contrast/brightness can cause permanent damage, pretty much literally burning in the displayed element into the screen. It's a gradual change, so at first there will be only a mild outline that will keep getting more pronounced the worse the damage gets. It's not a question of IF it will happen, only WHEN will it happen as well how bad will it be. It may take years to get a very slight burn in or it may take half a year to get windows toolbar permanently burned in. However, some retailers cover this in the warranty, so you can be covered at least for the duration of it.

The reason OLED is still sold even with the above in mind is that it offers unparalleled picture quality, which is great for media consumption, such as watching movies, where the above issues don't really happen that often and hence the risk of this damage is low.

You can check the examples in the link below: https://www.rtings.com/tv/learn/longevity-investigations-update-3-month

Both aim to provide the benefits of the OLED without the drawbacks. MicroLED uses microscopic LEDs to form individual pixels, ensuring high brightness, contrast and efficiency, with no risk of burn in. MiniLED is the middle step between OLED and MicroLED. Has many small dimming zones, which significantly improve dark scenes, but are prone to light bleeding, which can be especially noticeable when bright color, such as white text, is shown on dark background. MicroLED presence on the market is limited due to very high price. MiniLED suffers from the higher price as well, while also suffering from the bleeding effect.

Manufacturers like to come with their own spins on the established panels, which can lead to some improvements over the base technology.

Quantum Dot LED should not be confused with OLED. Marketed as having improved colors with brightness, but still lacking in dark scenes.

Quantum Dot OLED applies similar enchancements to OLED, supposed to deliver improved colors and brigthness over the base technology, while also benefiting from the great black color reproduction of the OLED.

Active-Matrix Organic LED is a type of OLED panel. Due to the degradation of the organic parts, the properties of the panel may get worse, while also being prone to the burn in effect of an OLED and similarly high price.